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Tab Napping Scam?

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in In the news, the web, Security, e-commerce on June 11, 2010 at 12:40 pm

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I’ve been told that hackers can redirect a tab that has been left open so that although you navigate to a valid page, if you then switch tabs for a while and then go back and enter (say) your bank details the page is no longer the valid one and you’ve been scammed.

Sounds a bit far fetched but I haven’t seen any “it’s a hoax” information either - not on here or on snopes which is my usual first port of call when “I don’t believe it!”

Do your own search or check out http://www.techwatch.co.uk/2010/06/10/tab-napping-the-new-kind-of-phishing/

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Election Incompetences

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in In the news, the company, the web, Security on May 7, 2010 at 11:39 am

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Well it’s a small and coincidental world but my company’s election for works council members finished yesterday and as I am yet to receive a ballot paper I have some fellow feeling with http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/election_2010/england/8666457.stm

Mistakes organising a company ballot aren’t good but surely as a country we are capable of allowing our citizens (subjects?) a chance to use the vote they have?

It could all be done on line but would I trust it? The problem is computer cock-ups tend to be more major and anyway if it was a government IT scheme you can be sure that it would cost a fortune and wouldn’t be ready on time…

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Faulty fault reports

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in Funny, Security on January 15, 2010 at 10:03 am

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Much of the problem of support is understanding the problem. I have had a major customer talking to support since before Christmas, when I finally got the issue with an accurate description it took an hour or so to fix. I have another customer who has been talking to support also since before Christmas, so far the best fault description to reach me is “it doesn’t work”.
The whole problem is neatly summed up by a friend who works in IT at a college which has a good few ESL students (that’s English as a Second Language if your not au fait with educational TLA’s). One of the ESL students reported that they had lost their bus pass. After checking lost property and referring the student to reception and much messing about it the bus pass was moved on from and the student sat at the computer but it became clear she was having problems logging on.
“What’s the problem?”
“I can’t remember my bus pass!”
Bus pass / password - I can see her confusion.
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Don’t Install Tired

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in Blogs, Security, Microsoft on November 3, 2009 at 3:44 pm

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Don’t drive drunk, don’t shop hungry and don’t install tired. As I said in my last post my main PC is reduced to safe mode only and after a very long and tiring Saturday I vegetated most of Sunday but in a fit of “I must do something” I installed XP on a second disk in my knackered machine.

I meant to fit a new drive and install the old one as a slave but I was too weary and just slipped a removable drive in. I now get a choice of Win 2k or XP now but the 2K won’t boot at all, in safe mode it says the SYSTEM is missing, a R from the old 2k CD didn’t help so it looks like I’ve truly knackered it this time.

Arrg, I have so many apps installed I can’t remember them all, I just wanted a look through all programs - I guess I just have to explore it from XP.

How do I get my favourites though? MS help explains it from IE 7 or 8 - I’m still on 6! I expect firefox can do it.

It took me ages to navigate my way into this blog entry page without them - one reason it’s been so long (did you miss me?).

Then I’ve got to drag all my Outlook express mails across - I seem to remember that is a pain. Do I have to recreate the folder structure by hand?

I do have back ups - just not simple restore the whole system ones. Now that external HD’s are cheap(ish) maybe I should look at something like the Mac time machine - any recommendations?

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Security for beginners

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in Open Source Software, Coding, Security on September 28, 2009 at 11:13 am

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If you know much about passwords / security / etc don’t read on, you’ll only get bored (unless I’ve got it wrong, so feel free to read and correct!). Anyway,  I was explaining some basics to someone the other day & though there might be others interested.

Passwords have a long tradition of identifying friends from foe by exchanging a secret data. The problem is, once it’s exchanged in the open it’s no longer secret. Whispering may work but if you have to shout it, put it in a letter or plain text email it isn’t going to stay secret.

Say my password is “3″ (numbers are easier to work with and we know computers turn everything into numbers sooner or later so lets start with them). You know it is 3, you ask me for it and if I give it you, know it’s me - trouble is everyone else overheard it so now its useless..

Instead you pass me a number and I add it to mine and pass it back, if it adds up to what you add it up to it’s still me - you say “5″, I say “8″ you figure out 5+3=8 so yes it’s me. Now any listeners in have got to know or figure out the formula and then calculate my password. If we are using a publicly defined standard formula (which on a computer system we probably are) they know the formula so they can figure out from 5+X=8, X=8-5 that my password is 3. If they don’t know the formula they can probably figure it if they hear enough exchanges.

What we need is a formula that isn’t so easy to work backwards - like a square. You say “5″ I add it to 3, square it and say 64. You do the same calculation and get 64, yes it’s me. Now the listener has to do the inverse function, 64=(5+X)^2,  X=square root of (64)-5. Easy with 1 digit numbers or a calculator not so easy with big numbers and just a paper and pencil.

That’s how most security works, don’t exchange the password but mess up some random data with it in such a way that the sender can mess it up them same way and check your answer. Anyone listening CAN figure out the password by reversing the “messing up” process but if we make it complicated enough they will requires years of super computing to figure it out (a figure quoted for RSA 129 digit key is 5,000 years of 1 million instructions per second computing).
A step on from this is public key encryption where I tell you how to mess it up but only I can un-mess it - loosely speaking! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography is a bit more accurate ;-)

http://www.ephesus.com/Encryption/PGP-Steps.html, and http://home.clara.net/heureka/sunrise/pgpsec.htm seem quite informative too.

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Holidays and withdrawals

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in Home, the web, Blogs, Wireless, Security on July 23, 2009 at 1:54 pm

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I’m off on my hols next week and the place we’re staying doesn’t have internet access!!! Spooky, off line, no google to solve the crossword, settle arguments or to look up how to play that song I keep humming (I will be taking a guitar!). They tell me the local McD’s has wireless but my laptop is an ebay special, the battery doesn’t last through the lengthy boot process :-(

Cold turkey for me then. I guess I can score a fix at the library or internet cafe but I’m not sure that I’ll visit any site that requires a password (the same, only more, could be said of McD’s open wireless).

Oh well, I guess I’ll survive, but will the world survive without a post on my blog?  Only time (or the patently obvious) can answer…

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Floppies must die, but how?

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in Freecycle, Security on May 19, 2009 at 5:57 pm

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I don’t believe this. I spent years carefully keeping floppy disks away from magnetic fields - “Ooo you mustn’t put them near the monitor, Ooo careful of that fridge magnet,…”
I have a pile of them to get rid of, I’d like to freecycle them but I would have to be sure they have been cleaned. As an experiment I just rubbed one with my sons zoids (zings? before you call social services check the video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VR-gjYdbebE&feature=related) and the damn thing is as happy as Larry.
The last load of floppies I binned were all 5.25″ and I literally pulled them apart, wrenching the magnetic disk out of the cover. I have a about 60 3.5″ disks plus a few ZIP disks. I did think about pouring boiling water over them but maybe I’ll run an electric drill straight through the pile. The ZIP disks were expensive and could still be useful to someone (100M capacity - is that useful? Maybe for a pre USB laptop?) but I don’t even have a drive to format them on so they will have to die.
I did once ask a friend who worked at the MOD if they used the official erase & re-write at least three times with random data method and what they actually used to sanitize old disks,
“A steam hammer” was the laconic reply.

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Putting a Stop to Hanging with Safe Copying

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in Coding, Security on May 15, 2009 at 2:36 pm

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Irritating isn’t it, when a program mysteriously sits there like a sulking teenager, refusing to even acknowledge your presence however hard you click, type or shout?
I’ve just written one of those apparently. In the interests of world peace and understanding I’ll explain how it can happen - “understanding is the first thing, it means so much to me” as Van Morrison might say.
In my experience the most common programming bugs are to do with buffer over runs and threads. Threading issues are a bit more recent and a bit more tricky to handle. Two (or more) threads execute (virtually or literally) simultaneously which can cause more chaos than I want to think about here but imagine one thread has locked data the other needs and won’t let go until has another piece of data, thread two has that locked and won’t go until it gets the first piece - deadlock (and a hang).
Buffer over runs are old and common bugs in coding. They most often cause crashes but can be utilities by malignant (or I suppose, benign) hackers so we are now encouraged to use “safe” routines that check the size of a receive buffer when copying data. You may think “That’s clever, how do they do that?” In the main they aren’t clever, they just check what you tell them to check so they can still be wrong, the good thing is they tend to error during development so are fixed.
eg
strcpy(newbuf, oldbuf);
works fine until oldbuf happens to be bigger than newbuf which may not happen until some user does something the programmer never thought of.
strcpy_s(newbuf, newbuf_size, oldbuf);
will go wrong immediately if newbuf_size if wrong & will just truncate the copy if oldbuf is bigger. Job done.
How can over runs be used by hackers? If you over run newbuf and newbuf is a created on the stack (ie local variable which most things are) then you can write over the stack including the return address making the program return to the address you want not where it came from. If you are clever enough to get it to return to a data area and you have loaded the data area with code the program is suddenly executing your code. Of course you don’t need to be clever enough to write that kind of thing, just clever enough to use a hackers toolkit that does it for you.
Normally then over runs cause crashes by writing data over other data which confuses the program or writing a random return address so the program starts executing gibberish.
So how did I write a hanging program?
sub (int *from){
    int to[10];
    int i;
    for (i=0; from[i]; i++)
            to[i] = from[i];
    etc…
}
In this case when the buffer over runs it writes into int “i” so if “from” contains 11 values of 5 i goes
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,78,9 5 (contents of from[10]), 6,7,8,9, 5, 6,7,8,9, 5,…..
and so on until someone puts it out of its misery.
If “from[10]” contains > 10 then the loop may end after it has written data to all sorts of random places. That’s why I’m usually better than to write such naff code. My fix has was…
#define MAX_FROM_LEN 10
sub (int *from){

    int to[MAX_FROM_LEN];
    int i;
    for (i=0;  i<MAX_FROM_LEN && from[i]; i++)
            to[i] = from[i];
    etc…
}

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Hang on to your PS2 Keyboards

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in thin clients, Security, Microsoft on May 8, 2009 at 3:26 pm

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No not play stations, the old PC keyboards with din plugs (PS2 connectors). I’ve just had all kinds of fun with a thin client running WES (windows embedded standard) which is a sort of XPe (XP embedded). The unit is locked down tighter than (insert your own analogy, mine might be to vulgar) so doing anything much with it is tricky. I mean, you can’t even see drive C - ”My Computer” consists of RAM Drive Z.

That is if you are a user, as an Administrator you can access drive C, and can type commands to “run” from the Start button - ma-ha-ha tomorrow the world etc etc.

So how do you get to be an administrator? The same as any windows system, log in as administrator with Administrator as the password obviously.

But it never shows a login prompt - to get a login prompt you must hold down the shift key as windows loads. After some hours, days weeks, … OK a couple of goes, it occurred to me it seemed to load all the USB devices AFTER windows had booted and this was a USB keyboard (as supplied with the unit). I plug in my old PS2 keyboard and I’m in - tomorrow the world etc.

Once I could see drive C I could copy stuff onto it off a USB key, did I forget to click the little green padlock and “commit” my changes to the flash drive? Of course not (well only the once and that doesn’t really count does it?).

So there we are - one WES Thin Client neatly configured. Pretty soon you’ll be able to spot the administrators, they’ll be the ones walking round with an old keyboard under their arm - and muttering “don’t forget the commit, don’t forget the commit, ….”

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Web Mail - Orange Cookies?

By Dave F in Reader

Posted in the web, Blogs, Security, Microsoft on May 5, 2009 at 1:01 pm

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I have a an old freeserve email account which is useful as I can pop3 to it and also access it via webmail. It is of course Orange web mail these days & it has only been since it has been Orange that I have intermittent problems logging in. This occurs sometimes with pop3 but mainly with web mail.

I have discovered the cause of the most recent problems, I don’t have “enable all cookies” set in my privacy settings (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/299331). Now I have done this I can access the web mail & delete some of the 1800 spams filtered off for me. Unfortunately as I have not received some mail I was expecting I will have to trawl through at least some of them :-(

So, “enable all cookies” is that a wise option? Am I leave my (increasingly creaky) IE6 vulnerable to some attack I don’t know about?

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